The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) has released a new version of its report, Cannabis in Veterinary Medicine, designed to guide veterinarians and pet owners through the evolving conversation around cannabis-derived products for animals.
This updated resource, published in April, explores how cannabis fits into veterinary practice today. It opens with a brief look at cannabis history in the U.S., then shifts to the science—covering the pharmacology of cannabis, the role of the endocannabinoid system, and what current research means for dogs and cats.
Focus on Research and CBD in Companion Animals
A central theme of the report is the clinical research into cannabidiol (CBD) and other hemp-derived products. The AVMA team reviewed preclinical studies that shed light on how these products are absorbed and processed in pets, along with any noted side effects.
Because reliable studies are still limited for most species, the report focuses primarily on dogs and cats. “The update provides what we currently know, but also highlights the gaps where more studies are needed,” said Dr. Dharati Szymanski, assistant director in AVMA’s Division of Animal and Public Health, who oversaw the report.
Navigating Legal and Regulatory Challenges
Beyond science, the document also reviews the legal landscape. Cannabis laws vary widely between states and at the federal level, which can create challenges for veterinarians advising clients. The updated report helps professionals understand the latest requirements and responsibilities around recommending or discussing cannabis-based products.
Dr. Szymanski noted that keeping this section current is especially important: “AVMA continues working to ensure veterinarians have up-to-date knowledge on the regulations, safety, and clinical considerations of cannabis-derived products in veterinary medicine.”
Additional Insights for Veterinary Teams
Other important sections address product quality, analytical testing, and industry standards—key issues given the variation in cannabis products on the market. The report also warns about the risks of cannabis toxicosis in pets, which can occur when animals accidentally ingest products intended for humans.
A Resource for the Veterinary Community
“As questions about cannabis continue to increase, veterinarians need clear, evidence-based information,” Dr. Szymanski said. This updated report provides a much-needed resource for practitioners who want to give informed, safe guidance to pet owners.
By combining research findings, regulatory updates, and practical considerations, the AVMA’s new report equips veterinarians to make more confident decisions about cannabis use in animal care.
Integrating Cannabis Education into Veterinary Curricula
As cannabis-derived products gain popularity among pet owners, there is a growing need to prepare future veterinarians through formal education. Despite the increasing interest in CBD and other cannabinoids, many veterinary schools still lack dedicated coursework addressing cannabis in animal health.
By integrating cannabis education into veterinary curricula, institutions can equip students with the knowledge required to navigate complex legal frameworks, understand the pharmacological effects, and communicate effectively with clients. Topics could include endocannabinoid system biology, dosing challenges, toxicity prevention, and the differences between federal and state laws. This foundational knowledge would not only benefit future practitioners but also enhance client trust and improve animal care outcomes.
FAQs:
Can veterinarians legally prescribe cannabis-derived products to pets?
It depends on state laws and federal regulations. While some states allow the use of hemp-derived CBD, veterinarians must be cautious and ensure compliance with current legal frameworks.
Is CBD safe for all animals?
Most studies have focused on dogs and cats. While many animals tolerate CBD well, more research is needed, and dosages should be discussed with a veterinarian.
What are signs of cannabis toxicosis in pets?
Symptoms include lethargy, vomiting, ataxia (loss of coordination), dilated pupils, and in severe cases, tremors or seizures. Immediate veterinary attention is essential.
Why is cannabis education important in veterinary schools?
As cannabis becomes more common in pet care, veterinarians must understand its uses, effects, and legal considerations to guide clients responsibly and ensure pet safety.
Are there FDA-approved cannabis products for pets?
Currently, the FDA has not approved any cannabis-derived products for animal use. Products on the market should be approached with caution and discussed with a vet.
Final Words
The updated AVMA report underscores the importance of staying informed as cannabis use in veterinary medicine continues to evolve. With ongoing research, emerging regulations, and growing public interest, veterinary professionals must remain educated and vigilant. By understanding the benefits, risks, and legal nuances, veterinarians can provide safe, ethical, and science-backed care to their animal patients.
